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Firefighting

This ebook describes the topic of firefighting in the process industries. Included are fire protection, firewater systems and firefighting media.

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Overview

The purpose of an inspection program is assure management that the facility’s equipment and instrumentation can be operated safely and reliably, and that corrective action to identify problems and to take corrective actions when such problems do occur. The inspection program should include the following management features.

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Piping 

Piping is at the heart of any process facility and generally makes up a large fraction of the overall capital cost. This ebook describes the design, operation and maintenance of piping in energy and process facilities.

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Overview

This ebook to do with Process Plant Security has its roots in the terrorist attacks of September 11^th, 2001. On September 25th, just days after the 9/11 attacks, the New York Times columnist Thomas Friedman wrote,

The World Trade Center is not the place where our intelligence agencies failed. It is the place where our imaginations failed.

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Transportation in the Process and Energy Industries

The chemicals and fuels produced by the process industries usually have to be transported to the place where they will be used — often along public highways, railroads, by sea or by pipeline. This ebook discusses the transportation of these ‘Highly Hazardous Chemicals’, with a particular focus on their safe loading and unloading.

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Operations

This ebook discusses how to operate a facility that is already in operation. It includes housekeeping, the storage and handling of hazardous materials, emergency response and non-process operations.

Housekeeping

The section of this ebook to do with Housekeeping is shown here.

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Safety Instrumentation

Safety Instrumentation. Modern process and energy facilities are highly instrumented. The instruments are used to monitor on-going process conditions, provide information to the operating technicians, adjust operating variables, and take corrective action should process conditions move outside the safe range through the use of alarms, interlocks, and trips will all bring the system back to a safe state.

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Personal Protective Equipment

Personal protective equipment (PPE) is clothing or equipment worn by workers to protect them from fire, toxic chemicals or physical impact. PPE should only be used when engineering designs and operating or maintenance practices do not provide a sufficiently safe work environment. PPE represents a last line of defense.

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Siting and Layout

This ebook describes issues to consider when choosing a site for a process facility. Also discussed are the layout and spacing of equipment, utilities, buildings, roads, emergency equipment and piping and valves.

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Common Hazards

One of the philosophies that lies behind Process Safety Management (PSM) is that each chemical process is unique. Therefore it is not possible to have a prescriptive standard that tells operating companies what to do. Instead, companies have to identify the unique hazards associated with their facility, and then implement corrective actions based on a risk-ranking methodology.